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Anatomical variations refer to the naturally occurring differences in the anatomical structures of individuals, often without pathological significance. These variations, while typically benign, can have significant implications for clinical practice, especially in diagnostic imaging, surgical procedures, and interventional approaches. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of common and clinically significant anatomical variations across different systems, their embryological basis, prevalence, and their potential impact on medical and surgical outcomes. Understanding anatomical variability is crucial for minimizing iatrogenic injuries and improving patient outcomes.