Tuberculosis: Challenges and Strategies for Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs and is a major cause of death worldwide. While TB is curable, it poses a significant challenge to global health due to high transmission rates, emergence of drug-resistant strains, and lack of access to effective prevention and treatment measures in many parts of the world. Diagnosis of TB is challenging, particularly in resource-limited settings, and treatment requires a long course of antibiotics, often with toxic side effects. Prevention measures include improving living conditions, reducing overcrowding, and increasing access to healthcare, while vaccination and early diagnosis are critical for effective prevention and treatment. To achieve the global goal of ending TB by 2030, a concerted effort is needed from governments, healthcare providers, researchers, and the public to implement effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.