Venous variations in neck region: cephalic vein

The cephalic vein lies in the deltopectoral groove, and passes throught the infraclavicular fossa, and drains into the axillary vein. It may communicate with the external jugular vein via a branch positioned anterior to the clavicle before emptying into the axillary vein. In this case multiple variations were found in the veins of the neck region: cephalic vein, jugular vein, and facial vein. The cephalic vein in the left side passed between the clavicular and sternal heads of the pectoralis major muscle. The cephalic and the external jugular veins were joined and made a common trunk at the anterior border of clavicle. Then opened into the junction of the subclavian and internal jugular veins below the clavicle. The facial and retromandibular veins were built up the external jugular vein. The anterior jugular vein was absent.