A brief report on serotonin syndrome: Causes, diagnosis and prevention

Received: 12-Sep-2021 Accepted Date: Sep 30, 2021; Published: 07-Oct-2021

Citation: Bakker J. A brief report on serotonin syndrome: Causes, diagnosis and prevention. Clin Pharmacol Toxicol Res 2021;4(5):2.

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Serotonin Syndrome (SS) is the side effects that might happen with the utilization of certain serotonergic prescriptions or drugs. The level of indications can go from gentle to extreme, including a probability of death. Usually in gentle cases incorporate hypertension and a quick pulse; normally without a fever. Side effects in moderate cases incorporate high internal heat level, disturbance, and sudden increase reflexes. In extreme cases internal heat level can increment to 41.1°C. Confusions might incorporate seizures and heart stroke.

Keywords

Serotonin; Depression; Drugs

About the Study

Serotonin is a chemical which is produce by nerve cells and the nerve cells send signals. Serotonin is found in the digestive system and it also present in blood platelets and CNS. Serotonin is made up from tryptophan amino acid. This amino acid enters to the body through diet and is ordinarily found in food varieties like nuts, cheddar, and red meat. Tryptophan deficiency lowers the serotonin level. This can bring about mind-set problems, like anxiety and depression. Serotonin Syndrome (SS) also called as serotonin toxicity. Researcher demonstrated that absence of serotonin in mind causes discouragement in many individuals however an excess of serotonin prompts outrageous nerve cell movement and cerebrum harm. Antidepressants are additionally connected to this condition. It assumes many parts in the body capacity and it additionally influences your temperature, sleep and even how hungry you are.

Symptoms

A serotonin syndrome symptom often begins after hours of a new medication that affects serotonin levels or after increase in the dose of a current drug. Symptoms may include: Agitation, loss of muscle, cerebral pain, trembling, goose bumps, arrhythmia and hypertension. Furthermore, some of extreme side effects which are: high fever, seizures and unpredictable pulses [1].

Causes

An enormous number of meds and street medications can cause serotonin disorder when taken alone at high dosages or in mix with other serotonergic drugs. Common Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitors are: citalopram (Celexa), sertraline (Zoloft), fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil) and escitalopram (Lexapro). SSNRIS include duloxetine (Cymbalta), venlafaxine (Effexor), Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq), Milnacipram (Savella). Common triptans include Sumatriptan (Imitrex), Zolmitriptan (Zolmig), Frovatriptan (frova), Rizatriptan (Maxalt), Almotriptan (Axert) [2].

Diagnosis

Specialists will ask some information about the clinical history including utilization of meds, supplements, and sporting medications and do an actual test. Likewise take certain lab tests to stop other medical issue that can appear as serotonin condition, similar to lockjaw, sepsis, encephalitis, or heatstroke.

Treatment

For the treatment of SS specialists eliminate the medication that caused serotonin disorder vital. Inside a day of halting the medicine patient will feel better. Some may likewise have to get liquids through a vein (intravenous, or IV).

In serious cases, patient may take a medicine called cyproheptadine (Periactin) to keep the body from making serotonin.

Prevention

Taking more than one serotonin-related medicine or increasing the portion of a serotonin-related drug causes serotonin condition. Before taking some medication consult to the doctor about the risk and don’t take any medication without consultancy. If the doctor prescribes new medicines make sure he knows about the previous medication [3-4].

Conclusion

SS isn't that uncommon in clinical practice. SS is traditionally depicted in patients with psychiatry issues. SS commonly creates inside 24–48 hours after the medication. In any case, a generous number of patients report following multi week of medication inception. A SS can be confused with the fundamental disease itself, all patients on serotonergic medications ought to be genuinely analyzed for the presence of SS on the advancement of any new side effect.

REFERENCES

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