Climate change and its effects on island nations

In recent years, there has been an increase in the frequency of extreme weather and climatic events, as well as the intensity of their effects on the natural environment and society. Extreme weather and climate events, in addition to natural climate variability and greenhouse-induced climate change, have the most influence. The climate of three island countries in the has been studied in this research. Annual average maximum and minimum temperatures have been warming since the 1950s, in keeping with the global warming trend. We look at three recent examples of extreme weather and climate events in the Western Pacific, including the 2011 drought in Tuvalu, the 2012 floods in Fiji, and the tropical  storm Evan, which wreaked havoc on Samoa and Fiji in December 2012. Extreme weather and climate events are also linked to phases of the El Nio-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomena. Natural disasters have devastating consequences for countries, and the costs of devastation are enormous. Climate disasters can sometimes cause countries to declare a state of emergency, as happened in Tuvalu in 2011 when a severe drought wreaked havoc on the country's water resources.