Synthesis of MNO2 Carbon nanotubes Catalyst with enhanced oxygen reduction reaction for polymer Electrolyte membrane fuel cell

Boiling is a central phenomenon in technological and industrial applications as diverse as thermal management in electronics, power generation and chemical processing. Nanoscale surface modification has great potential to enhance boiling heat transfer/critical flux for advanced thermal-hydraulic. We developed a simple electro-nano processing technique to fabricate nanotube arrays with high surface area with superhydrophilic nature. Capillary wicking is a unique property of tubular structure that enable the liquid spread over the heating surface. The surface parameters can control the capillary effect of the nanostructure and will produce a good annular flow in Direct Steam Generator (DSG). Hence, this porous structure will modify boiling regime and the Critical Heat Flux (CHF) through enhanced liquid spreading over the heated area. Optimizing the nanostructures and characterizing it and establishing correlations between the surface properties and the CHF are important to achieve this goal. The significance of surface wettability in boiling heat transfer has been tested with customized pool boiling facility. The experimental results observed for boiling heat transfer exhibits the dependence of surface wettability in heat transfer performance. The obtained results were found to be due to the change in boiling hydrodynamics occurred by the influence of surface wettability.