Review: Interactions between nanoparticles of platelets

Author(s): Yogendra Kumar Lahir*

Pristine and engineered nano-materials are administered in human body or other bio-systems (a test model) either directly or via release form the pharmaceutical products, implants, and the products used for day to day life. The components of blood vascular system like blood plasma, leukocytes, erythrocytes and blood platelets encounter these nano-materials when these are within a bio-system. Among humans and other vertebrates the blood platelets have higher chances of interacting with administered nanoparticles because of their numbers, structural and cellular physiology and proliferative rate. Platelets are one of the active components that participate in hemostasis, plasma coagulation, tumor metastasis, and inflammatory process, interactions with leukocytes, antimicrobial, and immune response or host defence system. Activation of platelets is of great therapeutic significance and the parameters affecting their inactive state play significant role during the treatment of arterial thrombotic disorders. Fresh inflammation and increased healing are among the primary objects during the bioactive surgical clinical research. Recent developments on healing process reflect on the significant role of platelets in healing of hard tissues that involves a wide range of intra and extracellular orchestrated events under the specific control of signaling proteins. Any factor disturbing the inactive state of platelets needs careful investigation. Thus, knowledge about structural and functionality of platelets seems to be of great significance in the biomedical field. Some of the most/preferred nanomaterials in biomedical field are metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, various forms carbon nanoparticles, quantum dots, and dendrimers. The dependence and varied applications of nano-materials in biomedical science is also of great importance because the nano-materials applied in biomedical field are used as carriers, imaging agents and for detection of biomolecules. The interactions between platelets and these nano-materials become the focal point in understanding the mechanism of these interactions. Thus, it is thought imperative to evaluate the interactions between platelet and nano-materials.

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